3/12/2023 0 Comments Hikikomori life![]() Today, hikikomori is spreading worldwide, thus, we must conduct international investigations to understand the similarities and differences between patients with hikikomori globally," he concludes.On July 29, 2019, psychiatrist Saitō Tamaki gave a press briefing at the Foreign Press Center Japan on the subject of hikikomori, the phenomenon of withdrawal from society. "Many questions remain, including understanding the root causes behind these biomarkers. We hope these findings will lead to better specialized treatments and support for hikikomori." ![]() Says Kato, "Identifying the biomarkers of hikikomori is the first step in uncovering the biological roots of the condition and connecting them to its severity. However, patients with hikikomori differ from patients with depression in that only the long-chain acylcarnitines are elevated in hikikomori whereas short-chain acylcarnitines remain the same. Its levels decrease when patients with depression take selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Patients with major depression and seasonal affective disorder have been reported to have lower blood bilirubin levels.įinally, acylcarnitines play an important role in supplying energy to the brain. These molecules are vital in many bodily functions, including blood pressure regulation and the urea cycle.īilirubin is made when the liver breaks down red blood cells and is often used as a marker for proper liver function. Ornithine is an amino acid produced from the amino acid arginine with the help of the enzyme arginase. Moreover, when this data was further analyzed and categorized, we were able to distinguish between healthy and hikikomori individuals, and even predict its severity." "In both men and women patients, long-chain acylcarnitine levels were higher. "Some of our key findings showed that, in the blood of men with hikikomori, ornithine levels and serum arginase activity were higher while bilirubin and arginine levels were lower," states first author of the paper Daiki Setoyama. In total, data for 127 molecules were analyzed. The team conducted blood biochemical tests and collected data on the plasma metabolome-small molecules found in blood such as sugars, amino acids, and proteins-from 42 unmedicated hikikomori individuals and compared it with data from 41 healthy volunteers. "Understanding what happens biologically will help us greatly in identifying and treating hikikomori." However, our past research shows that it is not that simple, and that it is a complex condition with overlaps of different psychiatric and non-psychiatric elements," explains Kato. "Mental illnesses such as depression, schizophrenia, and social anxiety disorder are occasionally observed in hikikomori individuals. ![]() Kato of Kyushu University's Faculty of Medical Sciences explains that while the sociological underpinnings of the condition are carefully studied, major gaps remain in the understanding of the biological aspects of hikikomori. In a report published in Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, lead researcher Takahiro A. In 2013, the Kyushu University Hospital established the world's first outpatient clinic for hikikomori research in hopes of developing support systems for patients through biological, psychological, and social understanding of the condition. While it has been historically identified as a Japanese culture-bound syndrome, evidence over the last few decades has shown that it is becoming a global phenomenon, with some fearing the COVID-19 pandemic catalyzing a global wave of hikikomori patients. ![]() Also identified as 'pathological social withdrawal,' hikikomori is estimated to afflict more than one million people in Japan today. Based on their findings, the team was able to distinguish between healthy individuals and hikikomori patients as well as determine the severity of the condition.Īccording to Japan's Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare, hikikomori is a condition in which individuals do not to leave their dwelling and isolate themselves away from society and family for a period exceeding six months. Researchers at Kyushu University have identified a number of key blood biomarkers for pathological social withdrawal, known as Hikikomori. ![]()
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